IOS 4 FEATURES
First announced on April 8th and promised for a worldwide release on
June 21st, Apple’s iOS 4 upgrade was officially released for public
consumption earlier today. The fourth major release of Apple’s mobile
device operating system has also been given a new name: iOS,
representative of its place on Apple’s entire suite of mobile devices
and not merely the iPhone. Despite this, however, today’s release only
encompasses Apple’s iPhone and iPod touch devices; an iPad release is
scheduled for later in the year.
Downloading and Installing
As with all previous iPhone and iPod touch updates, iOS 4 is
downloaded and installed via iTunes. Note that you will need to be
running iTunes 9.2 to receive the update. Unlike previous updates, iOS 4
is free for all supported iPhone and iPod touch users, however this
update also represents the first time that earlier iOS devices have been
excluded—iOS 4 will not run on the original iPhone or the
first-generation iPod touch.
The download and installation process is relatively simple: Users can
use the “Check for Updates” option found on their device Summary page
in iTunes 9.2 and it should locate, download and install the iOS 4
update automatically. In some cases, iTunes may have already discovered
the update by itself, in which case you will simply see an “Update”
button instead of a “Check for Updates” button.
Note that the installation may or may not preserve all of your
existing data—as with previous iOS updates it may result in the wiping
of your device’s data under certain conditions. In at least one case we
received a warning from iTunes that this was going to happen as part of
the upgrade process, however the absence of such a warning should not be
considered a guarantee that you’re
not going to have to reload
everything. As a rule, it would appear that second-generation iPod
touch and iPhone 3G devices will require a complete restore as part of
the update process, while iPhone 3GS and third-generation iPod touch
models may be able to upgrade in-place.
In addition to the backups that iTunes normally keeps, an additional
backup of your device will automatically be made prior to applying the
update. Unlike previous updates, iTunes will specifically notify you of
this.
This backup may take some time—unlike previous iOS updates, iTunes
will backup ALL of the data from your iPhone or iPod touch, including
your media content. This ensures that all content can be restored to the
device even if it does not already exist in iTunes. Following the
update, iTunes will automatically restore all content back onto your
device as a separate process, rather than simply syncing it from iTunes
in the normal manner.
Model Differences
iOS 4 also represents the first update where some features are only
supported on specific iPhone and iPod touch models. While some of this
variation existed with previous updates, it was generally obvious due to
hardware limitations—for example the lack of a camera on the iPod
touch.
With iOS 4, the differences are a little bit more vague, with only
the iPhone 3GS and third-generation iPod touch devices supporting the
full range of features offered by the new version. The iPhone 3G and
second-generation iPod touch will support iOS 4, but users of these
devices will find features like multitasking and home screen wallpaper
support to be conspicuously absent. Further, the 2007 devices: The
original iPhone and first-generation iPod touch are left completely out
in the cold: iOS 4 isn’t even available for these devices.
It’s probably also worth noting here that the 8GB iPod touch still
being sold by Apple is actually a second-generation model and users of
these devices will still experience the same limitations as any other
second-generation iPod touch.
General and System-Wide Changes
iOS4 introduces a number of significant changes to the overall
operating system, adding significant features such as multitasking for
third-party applications, system-wide spell check and home screen
enhancements.
Multitasking (iPhone 3GS, iPhone 4, 3G iPod touch)
Probably the most-anticipated feature of iOS 4, Multitasking now
allows third-party applications to perform certain important tasks in
the background and access other new features in the OS to provide better
user interaction when running in the background.
What it Does
In computer parlance, multitasking refers to the ability of multiple
programs to run simultaneously, and to be clear the iPhone OS has always
inherently supported multitasking: E-mail and text messages arrive in
the background whether those apps are running or not, the iPod keeps
playing music after you close the app, and the Phone app doesn’t have to
be active for an actual phone call to be received. The problem was that
until iOS 4, multitasking was restricted to Apple’s own core
applications, presumably on the basis that only Apple knew best how to
manage the resources of the iPhone operating system and preserve the
best user experience in terms of battery life and performance.
iOS 4 finally changes this approach and allows third-party
applications to multitask, albeit in a limited fashion. Third-party apps
can perform certain specific tasks in the background, but they are not
allowed to simply continue running in the background. Instead, apps are
limited to the following specific functions when not running as the
foreground application:
Background Audio: Third-party applications will now be able to
take advantage of what Apple’s own iPod application has been able to do
for three years: Keep playing music or other audio in the background
after the app has been closed. Apple has already demonstrated this with
Pandora Radio, and numerous other third-party audio streaming apps will
no doubt begin to take advantage of this feature as well. Essentially,
this allows third-party audio applications to work in much the same way
as Apple’s own iPod application—not only will audio keep playing after
the app is closed, but the home screen, lock screen and in-line
headphone controls will be used for the currently-playing app.
Background VoIP: Applications such as Skype will be able to
stay online in the background so that users can receive calls while
using other applications or simply while the iPhone is in standby at the
lock screen. In-progress calls using VoIP applications should appear
with a status indicator at the top of the screen similar to the one used
for the built-in Phone app.
Background Location: Navigation and other location-based
applications will be able to poll for location information in the
background so that they can provide voice guidance or update
location-based online services. This mode will use cellular tower
information whenever possible to save on battery drain from regularly
accessing the GPS hardware. Apple has already demonstrated this with
TomTom and Loopt, and Navigon has indicated that it will be adding
support for this in an update to its Mobile Navigator app.
Local Notifications: With iPhone OS 3.0 last year, Apple
introduced a new “Push Notification” feature that allowed network-based
services to send notifications to iOS devices. Although this feature was
great for services such as Facebook and AIM where notifications were
coming from the Internet anyway, it was of less use for applications
that resided natively on the device such as task management and reminder
apps. This forced some developers to set up their own servers and
synchronization systems merely to be able to provide reminders to their
users. Local Notifications address this by allowing third-party
applications to schedule notifications directly on the iOS device. These
work in the same way as Push Notifications in that the notification can
update a badge on the icon, display an alert and/or play a sound,
however you will not need an active Internet connection to receive a
local notification.
Task Completion: iOS 4 will now allow applications to take up
to 10 minutes to complete tasks in the background after you exit the
app. This will be particularly useful for applications that upload or
sync information with online services. For example, an application could
finish uploading photos to a service like Flickr in the background
after the user exits the app, saving the user the trouble of having to
leave the app open and wait for the upload to complete.
Fast App Switching: Applications can suspend in the background
when the user leaves the app and return to the exact same place when
the user loads the app up again. Applications will not actually
run
in the background, but merely freeze in their current state, allowing
them to be quickly reloaded so the user can pick up where they left off.
Any iOS 4 native app should take advantage of this feature
automatically.
What Multitasking Won’t Do
As already noted, iOS 4 doesn’t introduce a “carte-blanche”
multitasking environment where third-party apps can simply stay running
and do as they please. Apps will be limited to the specific behaviours
described above and nothing else. Apps cannot launch or perform any
background tasks by themselves until the user specifically launches the
app—Task Completion lets the app
finish what it’s doing after the
user closes it, but it doesn’t allow the app to keep running
indefinitely. Likewise, Local Notifications can only
display information that has been scheduled by the app when it was last run, they can’t actually
launch
any background processes. One significant limitation of this is that
applications that sync with online services will still not be able to
sync up and download current content until the user actually opens the
app.
How it Works
iOS 4 only supports multitasking on the iPhone 3GS, third-generation
iPod touch and upcoming iPhone 4. The multitasking features are inherent
in the OS and although applications must be updated by their developers
to support the new multitasking features, there is nothing the end user
needs to do—the multitasking features for a given app should “just
work.”
To facilitate quickly switching between applications, however, Apple
has introduced a new recently-used apps dock. On devices that support
multitasking, double-clicking the Home button from within any app will
slide up the current screen to reveal a dock displaying the four most
recently opened applications. You can open these applications by tapping
on them in the usual manner, or swipe to the left to display more
recently-used apps, four at a time.
Note that ALL recently-used apps are displayed here, regardless of
whether they support any iOS 4 multitasking features or not. Pre-iOS 4
apps will simply behave and launch from here in the same way as they did
from the home screen in iPhone OS 3.x. Keep in mind also that you don’t
have to launch apps from here to take advantage of fast-app switching
or any other iOS 4 multitasking features—you can still launch apps from
their normal home screen position in the same way that you always have.
The app switching dock is primarily there to provide a convenient way to
move between apps.
The app switcher does provide one additional hidden feature: If you
tap-and-hold on an app icon in the dock area, a red button will appear
over each icon. Tapping on the red button for an application will
terminate that app and remove it from the recently-used apps list.
Note that unlike other mobile platforms, iOS 4 is supposed to handle
memory and resource management automatically, and most applications
won’t actually be
running in the background—this “task-killer”
functionality is included for cases where a specific application needs
to be restarted rather than situations where a user needs to close a
bunch of apps for performance reasons.
On multitasking-capable devices a double-tap of the home button is
now hardcoded to open the app switcher. Older devices that do not
include multitasking capabilities still allow the home button to be
customized for other functions as before.
Playback Controls & Rotation Lock
With the home button double-tap reassigned to the app switcher, the
pop-up iPod playback controls are no longer available in the same way on
multitasking-capable devices. Instead, swiping to the right from the
app switcher will reveal a set of media playback controls.
The standard play/pause and track navigation buttons are here.
Conspicuously absent compard to the previous playback controls is a
volume slider, presumably redundant as all current iOS devices now
include hardware volume buttons. To the right of the playback controls
is the icon for the currently playing application—this defaults to the
iPod icon when no music is playing, but will be replaced with any
application currently providing background audio such as Pandora Radio
or even the Safari icon when streaming audio in the browser.
To the left of the playback controls is an orientation lock button
that can be used to lock the screen in portrait view. When locked in a
portrait orientation, a lock icon will also appear in the status bar
beside the battery meter.
Note that these new playback controls are only available on
multitasking-capable models. The older non-multitasking capable devices
still display the pop-up playback controls in the same manner as before.
Home Screen
iOS 4 adds a few iterative enhancements to the home screen. Although
the same basic layout is used as in prior iOS versions, users can now
replace the black background with a custom wallpaper and organize
applications into folders.
Wallpapers (iPhone 3GS, iPhone 4, 3G iPod touch)
First introduced with the iPad back in April, iOS 4 now gives users
the ability to specify a wallpaper for the iPhone or iPod touch home
screen. As with multitasking, this feature is only supported on the
iPhone 3GS and third-generation iPod touch, as well as the upcoming
iPhone 4. Users of these devices can specify a wallpaper for their home
screen simply by visiting the Wallpaper setting in the
Settings
app. In the wallpaper settings, screen previews of both the lock screen
and home screen are shown with the currently-selected wallpaper for
each.
Tapping on these previews will take you to the standard wallpaper
selection screen, where you can choose from a pre-installed wallpaper or
select one from your own photos. iOS 4 has also bundled several new
wallpapers that provide suitable textured backgrounds for the home
screen.
Selecting a wallpaper is handled in much the same way as in prior iOS
versions, excpet that when actually choosing a wallpaper, you will be
prompted for where you want to use it.
Setting a wallpaper from other applications, such as directly from
within the Photos app, will produce the same prompt for whether to set
the wallpaper on the Lock screen, Home screen, or both.
Note that iOS 4 doesn’t provide any way to
remove the Home
screen wallpaper and return to the default black background. If you
prefer basic black you’ll need to create your own 480 x 320 black image
and store it in your device’s photo library to use as a wallpaper. That
said, the textured backgrounds included with iOS 4 provide some nice
alternative options without appearing too cluttered.
Folders
Although iOS 4 contains the same limit of 11 home screen panes, you
can now organize your applications into individual folders. A Folder can
appear anywhere that a normal application icon can, and is represented
by a collection of app icons representing those apps stored in the
folder. Each folder can contain up to twelve applications. The use of
folders increases the number of applications that can be accessed from
the home screen from 180 to 2,160.
Unlike many other systems, there is no separate step to create a
folder in iOS 4. Instead, you simply tap-and-hold to reorganize your app
icons in the usual manner and then drop one application icon on top of
another. The two application icons will be grouped together into a
folder which will be given a default name based on the category of the
applications.
While in edit mode you can tap on the name field to type in your own
name instead of the default. Additional applications are added to an
existing folder in the same manner: Simply drag-and-drop application
icons on top of the folder while in home screen editing mode. To remove
appliations from a folder, simply open the folder, tap-and-hold to enter
edit mode, and then drag the apps out of the folder. While in edit mode
within a folder, you can also rename the folder simply by tapping on
the name. The entire process is relatively seamless and intuitive.
Folders can also be moved between home screens in the same way as any
other application. Note that folders cannot contain other folders.
iTunes 9.2 also allows folders to be created and managed from the iTunes “Apps” sync settings in much the same manner. See our
iTunes 9.2 Article for more information.
Spotlight Search
The system-wide Spotlight Search introduced in iPhone OS 3.0 can
still be found to the left of the first home screen. In addition to the
content previously available, SMS/MMS messages can now be searched from
here, and at the bottom of the search results additional options now
appear to search Wikipedia or search the web using the device’s default
search engine. Selecting either of these options will open the Safari
browser and initiate a search accordingly.
Spell Check
First introduced for the iPad with iOS 3.2, iOS 4 now brings a
system-wide spell check to iPhone and iPod touch devices. Incorrectly
spelled words are highlighted with a red underline, and tapping on an
underlined word will provide suggested corrections.
This is a system-wide text entry function that not only works with
the built-in iOS 4 apps but should also work in all third-party apps
that use standard text-entry controls.
Wireless Keyboard Support (iPhone 4, iPhone 3GS, 3G iPod touch)
First introduced for the iPad in iOS 3.2, iOS 4 adds support for
external Bluetooth keyboards for the iPhone 4, iPhone 3GS and
third-generation iPod touch. Keyboards can be paired from the Bluetooth
options under
Settings, General and once paired can be used in
place of the on-screen iOS keyboard, which will not be displayed by
default when a Bluetooth keyboard is available.
As with the iPad, when using an external keyboard, basic keyboard
shortcuts are available for text selection and cut, copy and paste. The
brightness, volume and media playback controls on Apple keyboards also
work as expected, and the Eject button can be used to show or hide the
on-screen keyboard.
Settings
There have been a few enhancements to the general iOS device settings
as well. Application-specific settings are highlighted later on in the
changes to the applications themselves.
Network Settings (iPhone)
An option is now available to enable or disable cellular data
entirely. Toggling off the “Cellular Data” option disables all 3G and
EDGE data access over the cellular network, essentially turning the
iPhone into a Wi-Fi only data device. This can be useful in situations
where you don’t have a data plan on your device or are coming close to
exceeding your data cap. You will still be able to make and receive
phone calls with cellular data off.
AT&T users may also notice that the “Internet Tethering” option
has finally appeared here as well. Although new to AT&T, this is not
an iOS 4 specific feature—other carriers have supported tethering since
it was first released in iPhone OS 3.0, and there have been no changes
in iOS 4 in terms of how this feature works.
Location Services
iOS 4 provides more granular control over location services.
Previously only available as a global on/off toggle, you can now control
which specific applications have the ability to determine your current
location.
Applications that have requested your location data within the past
24 hours are indicated with a small compass arrow next to them. iOS 4
also provides a similar status indicator by the battery icon to indicate
when location data is being used.
Passcode Lock
You can now choose to use a more complex alphanumeric passcode to
secure your device. This option was available in iPhone OS 3.x, but only
by creating a profile through the use of Apple’s iPhone Configuration
Utility. The “Simple Password” option is enabled by default which uses
the same four-digit password option as before; toggling this option off
will prompt you to instead enter an alphanumeric password using the
normal iOS keyboard.
You can also now access the passcode settings screen without having
to set a passcode first. Most options will appear greyed out and a “Turn
Passcode On” button appears at the top of this screen. This allows you
to specify whether you want to use a simple or complex passcode before
having to actually set it.
Restrictions
Austria has been added to the list of countries that ratings can be
selected for. The actual Movies, TV Shows and Apps restrictions screens
also now include checkmarks beside all allowed ratings and not merely
the highest one. This makes it more clear which specific ratings are
allowed.
Home / Spotlight Search
As noted earlier, on devices that support multitasking, a
double-click of the Home button is now hard-coded to display the app
switcher. As a result, the Home button configuration screen is no longer
available on these devices. The “Search Options” sub-menu previously
found under the “Home” section has been renamed “Spotlight Search” and
is now displayed directly under General settings on these devices. Older
iPhone and iPod touch models that do not support multitasking and the
app switcher still include the “Home” settings and place the “Spotlight
Search” option in that section as before.
Spotlight Search
Search Options has been renamed “Spotlight Search” and adds “Messages” to the list of data types that can be searched.
Further, as noted above the location of the Spotlight Search option
now differs depending on whether the device being used supports
multitasking and the app switcher.
Keyboard Settings
The keyboard selection and settings screens in iOS 4 have been
redesigned to provide additional options. Prior iOS versions simply
provided a list of keyboards with ON/OFF toggles beside each one. iOS 4
on the other hand provides a list of the currently active keyboard
layouts with an “Add New Keyboard” button displayed below to add
additional keyboards.
Keyboards can be removed or reordered from this list by tapping the “Edit” button in the top-right corner.
Some keyboards have more detailed options, indicated by an arrow to
the right of the keyboard name. Tapping on the keyboard will bring up an
additional options screen allowing you to set the layout for software
and hardware versions of these keyboards.
As with prior iOS versions, when more than one keyboard is
configured, a small globe icon will appear to the right of the spacebar
in the on-screen keyboard. With iOS 4, tapping-and-holding on this
button will provide a pop-up list of keyboards.
iOS 4 also adds several additional keyboard layouts: Catalan,
Chinese-Simplified Stroke, Chinese-Traditional Cangjie,
Chinese-Traditional Stroke and Vietnamese. Keyboard layouts are also now
sorted alphabetically based on the current language and not on their
native language (ie, “Spanish” now appears in the S section and not the E
section).
International Settings
Languages have also been added to match the new keyboard settings,
including language support for Català, Magyar and Vietnamese.
New Regional Formats include: Slovenian, Portuguese for
Guineau-Bissau and Mozambique, Spanish for Equatorial Guinea, Russian
for Moldova, Romanian for Moldova, Armenian, Mauritius and French for
Cameroon, Central African Republic, Côte d’Ivoire, Guadeloupe, Guinea,
Madagascar, Mali, Maritnique, Niger, Réunion, Saint Barthélemy and Saint
Martin.
iOS 4 now also supports multiple calendar formats which can be
selected from the International settings. Formats include Gregorian
(default), Japanese, Buddhist and Republic of China.